Showing posts with label Pnad Contínua. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Pnad Contínua. Show all posts

Tuesday, 4 February 2020

Brazilian industrial production closes 2019 with a drop of 1.1%; informality in the labor market in Brazil is the highest in the last 4 years

Segundo a Pesquisa Industrial Mensal (PIM-PF), divulgada pelo IBGE, "a produção nacional da indústria brasileira recuou 1,1% no ano de 2019, após dois anos seguidos de crescimento em 2017 (2,5%) e 2018 (1%)".

De acordo com o gerente da pesquisa, André Macedo, "das 24 atividades pesquisadas, 16 tiveram queda no ano. A produção industrial pode estar sendo impactada pelas incertezas no ambiente externo e também pela situação do mercado de trabalho no país que, embora tenha tido melhora, ainda afeta a demanda doméstica”.

According to the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (Continuous PNAD), also published by IBGE, informality in the Brazilian labor market, that is, the sum of workers without a license, domestic workers without a license, an employer without a CNPJ, an own account without CNPJ and auxiliary family worker, reached 41.1% of the employed population in 2019. This total is equivalent to 38.4 million people, the largest contingent since 2016. 

Tuesday, 17 December 2019

Informality advances in Brazil; low wages are now the norm in the country

High informality and low wages were the labor market scenario in Brazil in 2019. A survey by Pnad (National Household Sample Survey) indicated that unemployment fell, but with increasing informality and falling average incomes.

According to the Underground Economy Index, calculated by the Brazilian Institute of Economics of FGV (Fundação Getúlio Vargas), informality is still responsible for a significant portion of the Brazilian economy, having moved R$ 1.2 trillion in the 12 months between June 2018 and June 2019, equivalent to 17.3% of Brazilian GDP. This is the highest value in the last eight years. The growth in informality also increases the production of goods and services that are not declared to the government and the tax evasion of the country. In the 12 months between June 2018 to June 2019, the index advanced 0.1%.

This scenario is strengthened by the emergence of new forms of work, with applications that stimulate informality and expand the outsourcing of employment in Brazil.

According to the Institute of Applied Economic Research (Ipea), informal job vacancies are responsible for much of the small generation of jobs in recent years in Brazil. Currently, the country has over 11 million unemployed. Still, according to Ipea, these new informal jobs are behind the drop in productivity and the slow recovery of the Brazilian economy after the recession from 2014 to 2016.

Another problem produced by the high informality in Brazil is the reduction in the level of social security contributions, which worsens the country's fiscal issue. In addition, informality puts people in a situation where there is no fixed income, which limits their access to credit. In informal work, the worker also loses access to any kind of legal protection, does not receive vacation, meal vouchers or transportation allowance, benefits that formal work provides.

Currently, according to IBGE data, Brazil has 38.8 million informal workers. This total is 41% of the total employed persons in Brazil (93.8 million), that is, they represent 4 out of 10 Brazilian workers.


Wednesday, 16 October 2019

Cost of living in Brazil: according to IBGE the poorest half of the Brazilian population lives on R$ 413 a month, which is a little over a 100 dollars

Data published today by the IBGE indicate that 104 million Brazilians, the poorest 50% of the population, "live" with $ 413 per month, something around 100 dollars.

If the cut selects the poorest 30% (60.4 million people), the average monthly income drops to R$ 269, just over 60 dollars per month. Meanwhile, 1% of richer Brazilians have a monthly per capita income of R$ 16,297, or something around four thousand dollars.

IBGE also pointed out that income inequality has reached a record level in Brazil. Over the past few years, the poor have gotten poorer as their incomes fell 3.8% between 2017 and 2018, while the rich got richer as their incomes grew 8.2% over the same period.

Thus, income inequality in the country reached a record level in 2018, within the historical series of the National Continuous Household Sample Survey (Pnad Contínua), initiated in 2012 by IBGE.

Friday, 27 September 2019

Informality breaks the historical record in the Brazilian labor market

According to the National Continuous Household Sample Survey (PNAD Contínua), released today by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), 41.4% of the employed population is in informality. Of the 684,000 new employed persons, 87.1% entered the job market informally.

Therefore, almost 40 million workers are in informality. According to IBGE data, in the quarter ended in August, Brazil had 38.8 million informal workers. It is the highest level of informality in the Brazilian labor market ever recorded by PNAD Contínua.

A survey by the Getulio Vargas Foundation Social Policy Center and released by the BBC Brazil shows that between 2014 and 2017, Brazil gained a contingent of 6.27 million "new poor". These are people who lost their jobs and started to live in poverty, with income from work of less than R$ 233 per month (around 56 dollars a month). As wages are the main source of income for poor and vulnerable families, poverty in Brazil in the sharpest period of the recession has increased by 33%, and the country's total poverty has risen to 23.3 million, according to the survey.

All this added to the reforms made by the Temer and Bolsonaro governments that continually removed labor rights in what was called labor market flexibility helped to increase informality. Now, in Brazil, many people work but have no vacation, 13 salário, Fundo de Garantia (FGTS). This scenario, contrary to what was promised (to improve the population's life), deepened inequality in the country.

During Michel Temer's administration, then Economy Minister Henrique Meirelles even said that the new labor law would produce over 6 million jobs. Two years after the reform comes into force, instead of the 6 million jobs promised, what is seen is a worsening of workers' quality of life and an increase in informality in the labor market.

In turn, Paulo Guedes, Minister of Economy of the Jair Bolsonaro government, also advocates the creation of a new work card in which workers will not be entitled to benefits earned by various categories under union agreements.

Friday, 24 May 2019

One-fifth of Brazilian families use coal to cook food because of pricing policy for household gas of Petrobras

According to a survey published by the IBGE (Pnad Contínua), the impoverishment of the population produced by the prolonged economic crisis combined with rising unemployment and the price of LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) cylinder led one-fifth of Brazilian families to use firewood or charcoal for cooking. Today, 14 million households prepare food in this way, an increase of 27 percent or three million homes between 2016 and 2018. In the Southeast fo Brazil, growth was 60 percent.

Meanwhile, Petrobras maintains a more expensive price for cooking gas than the one practiced internally since 2018 to recover losses that the company has had in recent years. It is a monopoly that harms the Brazilian people for the benefit of foreign and Brazilian investors.

Unfortunately, this pricing policy of Petrobras is driving the poorest classes in Brazil to return to using firewood to make food. A return to the Middle Ages. It is a country where the "modernity" of the "market prices" practiced by Petrobras forces the use of firewood and coal.

In Brazil, the readjustments in the price of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) practiced by Petrobras are quarterly and consider international price averages and the exchange rate in previous quarters. It is this policy that led thousands of Brazilians to cook between soot and smoke.

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